IAAP의 사진에 대한 정의

DEFINITIONS(정의)
All entries shall conform to the stricter of these definitions for acceptances to be validated by all the international organizations granting recognition or patronage. ==>모든 참가작은 인정 또는 후원을 부여하는 모든 국제 기구에서 승인을 검증하기 위해 이러한 정의 중 더 엄격한 정의를 준수해야 합니다.

[IAAP Definition of Monochrome]
Black and white photography is an image that displays a range of shades from black to white, encompassing various tones of gray. Such an image focuses on the nuances of light, shadow, and contrast without incorporating any colors. If the entire image is toned in a single hue, it remains within the black and white category. However, if it is modified by partial toning or the addition of any color, it becomes a color work and no longer qualifies as a black and white photograph.
==>흑백 사진은 다양한 회색 톤을 포함하여 검정에서 흰색까지 다양한 음영을 표시하는 이미지입니다. 이러한 이미지는 색상을 통합하지 않고 빛, 그림자 및 대비의 뉘앙스에 초점을 맞춥니다. 전체 이미지가 단일 색조로 톤 처리된 경우 흑백 범주에 속합니다. 그러나 부분 톤 처리 또는 색상 추가로 수정된 경우 컬러 작업이 되어 더 이상 흑백 사진으로 간주되지 않습니다. : IAAP는 단일의 톤이면 허용함, PSA는 더 심하게 규제... 즉 세피아 톤, 커피색 톤, 등등도 PSA는 허용치 않음. 

[IAAP Definition of Nature]
A nature photograph records all aspects of the natural world, both animate and inanimate. The primary subject of a nature photograph should be animals and elements of nature, though human and human-made elements are allowed as long as they do not dominate the scene. The image must convey the truth of the scene and be presented honestly, without unethical practices to manipulate the subject or setting. High technical standards are expected, and the photograph should look natural. Human activity or objects are permissible only if they are a necessary part of the nature story being told.  ==> 자연 사진은 생물과 무생물을 포함한 자연 세계의 모든 측면을 기록합니다. 자연 사진의 주요 주제는 동물과 자연의 요소여야 하지만 장면을 지배하지 않는 한 인간과 인공 요소도 허용됩니다. 이미지는 장면의 진실을 전달해야 하며, 주제나 배경을 조작하는 비윤리적인 관행 없이 정직하게 표현되어야 합니다. 높은 기술 표준이 기대되며, 사진은 자연스럽게 보여야 합니다. 인간 활동이나 사물은 자연 이야기의 필수적인 부분인 경우에만 허용됩니다.

PSA는 심하게 규제를 한다, 즉 가축사진(양, 말, ~~)도 규제.  FIAP는 PSA보다 규제가 심하지 않음.


[IAAP Definition of Photojournalism]
A photojournalism photograph is an image that captures a moment or event in a way that tells a factual story, intended to inform and convey truth to the public. It should document real events, people, and places without staging or manipulation, ensuring the authenticity of the scene. The primary aim is to provide an accurate and unbiased representation of the subject matter, often related to news, social issues, cultural events, or significant moments in history. Ethical standards are crucial in photojournalism, prohibiting any alterations that could mislead the viewer or distort the reality of the captured moment. ==>포토저널리즘 사진은 사실적인 이야기를 전달하는 방식으로 순간이나 사건을 포착한 이미지로, 대중에게 진실을 알리고 전달하기 위한 것입니다. 장면의 진정성을 보장하기 위해 연출이나 조작 없이 실제 사건, 사람, 장소를 기록해야 합니다. 주요 목표는 종종 뉴스, 사회 문제, 문화적 사건 또는 역사적으로 중요한 순간과 관련된 주제를 정확하고 편견 없이 표현하는 것입니다. 윤리적 기준은 포토저널리즘에서 매우 중요하며, 시청자를 오도하거나 포착된 순간의 현실을 왜곡할 수 있는 변경을 금지합니다.


[IAAP Definition of Travel]
A travel photograph captures the essence of a location, conveying the unique character and atmosphere of a place. It should reflect the natural beauty, cultural heritage, and distinctive features of the destination, providing viewers with a sense of the location identity and spirit. Travel photography encompasses a wide range of subjects, including landscapes, cityscapes, seascapes, architecture, people, and customs, all of which contribute to the overall experience of the destination. The primary goal is to transport viewers to the location through the image, allowing them to explore and appreciate the worlds diverse cultures and environments. ==>여행 사진은 장소의 본질을 포착하여 장소의 고유한 특성과 분위기를 전달합니다. 목적지의 자연의 아름다움, 문화 유산, 독특한 특징을 반영하여 시청자에게 해당 지역의 정체성과 정신을 느끼게 해야 합니다. 여행 사진은 풍경, 도시 풍경, 바다 풍경, 건축물, 사람, 관습 등 광범위한 주제를 포괄하며, 이 모든 것이 목적지의 전반적인 경험에 기여합니다. 주요 목표는 이미지를 통해 시청자를 해당 지역으로 이동시켜 세계의 다양한 문화와 환경을 탐험하고 감상할 수 있도록 하는 것입니다.